Windows2000/XP is an excellent operating system, it is powerful, secure and stable, favored by the majority of computer users. However, in the use of process, we feel that it is clear that the start-up time than necessary to extend the number of Windows98, Windows98 better than the test of human patience. Well, during this period but can not bear it no longer time, the system which the work of what can be done, do not worry, I slowly Road capacity to take a look at it is what God so turtle-speed.
INTEL-based computer, Windows2000/XP the startup process can be divided into five steps: pre-start, start, loading the kernel, the kernel and user registry initialization. Were carried out to introduce the following:
I. Pre-start
First of all the computer power to carry out self-test by the BIOS (basic input output system) to complete the basic hardware configuration, and then read the hard disk MBR (Master Boot Record) to check the hard disk partition table to determine the boot partition and boot partition on transferred to the operating system boot sector in the implementation of memory, here that the implementation of NTLDR (the operating system loader) file.
* Windows2000/XP support for multiple boot. It will first be installed has been in existence for the other operating system boot sector BOOTSECT.DOS saved as files (located under the root directory of active partition), and modify the system boot sector, so that the system starts to load NTLDR file, so as to achieve The purpose of multiple boot. And Windows98 does not have this feature, so if Windows2000/XP first installed Windows98 will be installed later Windows2000/XP destroyed the boot record, resulting in 2000/XP could not be activated.
II. Start
1. The beginning of the first, NTLDR processor will convert from a real-mode 32-bit protected mode.
2. BOOT.INI file to read. The file is located in the root directory of active partition, it is the role of the system during startup options menu appears, want to start by the user to choose the operating system. If you choose to start Windows2000/XP, NTLDR will continue to guide the following process; If you choose a non-Windows2000/XP system, NTLDR will read the system into the boot sector to start a copy of the corresponding system BOTSECT.DOS.
* One [BOOT LOADER] that the operating system loader to specify the default menu system to choose the time and wait for the default boot operating system. Can be hand-modified or modified in the Control Panel, in order to insurance purposes, the proposed modifications in the control panel. Select Control Panel -> System -> Advanced -> Startup and Recovery, you can change the relevant settings. (In WindowsXP there another way, that is to run msconfig (System Configuration Utility).
[OPERATING SYSTEMS] a list of specified operating system, up by double quotation marks is a list of some of the content shown, can be freely modified to make them more personalized.
* Shape, such as MULTI (0) DISK (0) RDISK (0) PARTITION (1) format, known as ARC path statement, and its format: MULTI () – specify the disk controller (if the SCSI controller, then here should be replaced for the SCSI ()); DISK () – the designated SCSI device ID (for MULTI always the value 0); RDISK () – specify IDE device ID (for SCSI, are ignored here); PARTITION () – Specify the partition number. In addition to the beginning of District No. 1, the remaining number to start from 0.
Parameters / FASTDETECT said serial mouse detection is disabled, the system default values. There are several common parameters: MAXMEM – the amount of memory available Windows2000/XP designated; BASEVIDEO – using the standard VGA display driver; NOGUIBOOT – start the process of screen does not display graphics; SOS – when loading device drivers show its name.
* Select menu in the operating system of the Chinese character by the active partition at the root of BOOTFONT.BIN document.
3. NTDETECT.COM file system load. Machinery by which to detect the hardware, such as parallel ports, display adapters, etc., and collected a list of the hardware to return to NTLDR for registration in the registry after the save.
4. Windows2000/XP If there are multiple hardware profiles, select menu will appear at this time, waiting for customers to use to determine the hardware configuration file, otherwise skip this step, the opening of the default configuration.
* Refers to the hardware configuration file to preserve the specific hardware configuration of computer system files. Can create different hardware profiles to meet the needs of computer applications on different occasions. Can select Control Panel -> System -> Hardware -> to change the hardware configuration file.
III. Loading kernel
Windows2000/XP guide the process of loading the kernel to start NTOSKRNL.EXE. Windows2000/XP install this file is located in the SYSTEM32 folder under the folder. Subsequently, the Hardware Abstraction Layer (HAL) was to guide the process of loading, the completion of this step.
* Hardware Abstraction Layer (HAL): hidden platform-specific details of the hardware interface for the operating system to provide a virtual hardware platform, it has nothing to do with hardware, and can be carried out in a variety of platforms transplantation.
IV. Initializes the kernel
Kernel initialization to complete, NTLDR will Windows2000/XP control to the kernel, which started to load and initialize the device driver, and start the WIN32 subsystem and WINDOWS2000/XP services.
5. User Login
Log in to start the process. Start by WIN32 subsystem WINLOGON.EXE, which would start the LOCAL SECURITY AUTHORITY (LSASS.EXE) show log dialog box. Users log in, WINDOWS2000/XP will continue to configure the network equipment and user environment. Finally, along with Microsoft and we are familiar with the Voice of the personalized desktop, WINDOWS2000/XP start the long process is finally completed. Oh, is not asleep, wake up the system to start successfully, you are now doing on the Why!
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